What is the specific effect of static electricity on the quality of polyester hot melt yarn?

What is the specific effect of static electricity on the quality of polyester hot melt yarn?
Factors affecting the quality of polyester hot melt yarn
As a special fiber material, the quality of polyester hot melt yarn is affected by many factors, among which static electricity is a factor that cannot be ignored. The following are the specific effects of static electricity on the quality of polyester hot melt yarn:

1. Static adsorption and dust accumulation

Due to its low hygroscopicity and poor conductivity, polyester is prone to static electricity. Static electricity can cause the fiber to adsorb dust and impurities, which not only affects the cleanliness of the product, but may also affect its bonding performance and the texture of the final product. Therefore, anti-static performance has become an important consideration for the quality of polyester hot melt yarn

2. Influence on the spinning process

In the melt electrostatic spinning process, the polymer solution or melt is sprayed and stretched under the action of static electricity to obtain nano-scale fibers. The dielectric constant and surface tension of the material are the main factors affecting the spinnability, and the strength of static electricity directly affects these parameters. Excessive static electricity may cause unstable tows, broken or floating yarns, and affect the spinning efficiency and fiber uniformity.

3. Affecting the physical properties of fibers

Static electricity can also affect the physical properties of polyester hot melt yarn. For example, the wet-dry strength and wet-dry elongation ratio of polyester are both close to 1.0, which means that its strength and elongation do not change much under different humidity conditions. However, the generation of static electricity may change the surface characteristics of the fiber, thereby affecting its strength and elongation

4. Affecting dyeing and post-processing

Polyester hot melt yarn is difficult to dye, and the presence of static electricity may further increase the unevenness of dyeing, affecting the color and appearance quality of the final product. In addition, static electricity may also affect the arrangement and structure of the fibers during post-processing, thereby affecting the performance of the product

5. Affecting the hot melt process

In the hot melt process of low-melting-point polyester blended yarn, the heating time and temperature have a significant effect on the strength and elongation of the yarn. Static electricity may affect the melting and bonding of the fibers during the heating process, thereby affecting the performance of the yarn

6. Oxidation resistance and UV resistance

Static electricity may cause polyester hot melt yarn to oxidize and turn yellow when exposed to air for a long time, reducing the quality of the product. Therefore, improving the oxidation resistance and UV resistance of polyester hot melt yarn is the key to improving its quality

Summary

Static electricity has a direct and indirect impact on the quality of polyester hot melt yarn. From the stability of the spinning process to the physical properties and appearance of the final product, static electricity is a factor that needs to be strictly controlled. By optimizing the spinning process, improving the anti-static properties of the material, and strengthening the post-processing technology, the quality of polyester hot melt yarn can be effectively improved to meet the needs of different application scenarios.