Tensile Strength Test of Polyester Hot Melt Wire

Tensile Strength Test of Polyester Hot Melt Wire

In today’s globalized textile market, polyester hot melt wire, as an important functional fiber, is widely used in many fields such as clothing, home textiles, industrial fabrics, etc. For international wholesale buyers, it is crucial to understand the tensile strength test of polyester hot melt wire, because it is directly related to the quality and applicability of the product.

1. The Importance of Tensile Strength Test of Polyester Hot Melt Wire
Tensile strength is a measure of the maximum stress that a fiber can withstand when subjected to force, and is one of the key indicators for evaluating the mechanical properties of fibers. For polyester hot melt wire, its tensile strength not only determines its durability during processing and use, but also affects the performance and quality of the final product. For example, in clothing manufacturing, polyester hot melt wire with insufficient tensile strength may cause the fabric to break or deform during sewing or wearing; in industrial applications, such as filter materials or reinforcement materials, tensile strength directly affects its service life and reliability.

2. Standards for tensile strength test of polyester hot melt yarn
(I) International standards
International authoritative organizations such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) have formulated a number of standards related to fiber tensile performance testing. Although these standards are not specifically for polyester hot melt yarn, their test methods and requirements are of great reference value for the testing of polyester hot melt yarn.
(II) National standards
In China, the tensile strength test of polyester hot melt yarn is mainly based on the national standard GB/T 14344-2008 “Test Method for Tensile Properties of Chemical Fiber Filaments”. This standard specifies in detail the key links such as test equipment, sample preparation, test conditions and data processing to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of test results.

3. Methods for tensile strength test of polyester hot melt yarn
(I) Test equipment
Tensile strength testing usually requires the use of professional tensile testing machines. These devices can accurately control the tensile speed and clamping force, and record the force value and elongation in real time. Common tensile testing machine brands include Instron of the United States and Lenzing of Austria. For example, the American Instron 3344 type strength tester is widely used in fiber tensile performance testing. Its high precision and stability can meet the strict requirements of polyester hot melt testing.
(II) Sample preparation
The preparation of the sample is one of the key factors affecting the accuracy of the test results. According to the GB/T 14344-2008 standard, the length and diameter of the sample need to be strictly controlled. Usually, the sample length is 500 mm, and the diameter is determined according to the specific specifications of the polyester hot melt. The sample should be randomly selected from the same batch of products to ensure the representativeness of the test results.
(III) Test conditions
The test conditions include ambient temperature, humidity, and stretching speed. The standard stipulates that the test should be carried out in an environment of 20℃±2℃ and 65%±5% relative humidity. The stretching speed is generally set to 100 mm/min, but it can be adjusted according to specific needs. For example, for high-strength polyester hot melt, a higher stretching speed may be required to simulate the rapid force in actual use.
(IV) Data processing
After the test is completed, the data needs to be processed and analyzed. Tensile strength is usually expressed in cN/dtex (decitex), while elongation at break is expressed in percentage. By drawing a stress-strain curve, we can intuitively understand the mechanical behavior of polyester hot melt yarn during the stretching process, including elastic modulus, yield strength and breaking strength.

4. Factors affecting the tensile strength of polyester hot melt yarn
(I) Raw materials
The quality of the raw materials of polyester hot melt yarn has a direct impact on its tensile strength. High-quality polyester chips can produce polyester hot melt yarn with higher tensile strength. For example, polyester chips with higher intrinsic viscosity can usually produce stronger fibers.
(II) Production process
Production process parameters such as spinning temperature, stretch ratio and heat setting conditions are crucial to the tensile strength of polyester hot melt yarn. For example, an appropriate stretch ratio can increase the crystallinity of the fiber, thereby enhancing its tensile strength. However, an excessively high stretch ratio may cause fiber breakage, so precise control is required.
(III) Environmental factors
Ambient temperature and humidity also have a certain effect on the tensile strength of polyester hot melt yarn. In a high temperature and high humidity environment, the hygroscopicity of the fiber increases, which may cause its strength to decrease. Therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to select the appropriate polyester hot melt yarn according to the use environment.