Discussion on the test method of compression performance of thermal fuse materials

Discussion on the test method of compression performance of thermal fuse materials

Introduction
Thermal fuse materials are widely used in many fields, and their compression performance is one of the important indicators to measure the quality and applicability of materials. For international wholesale buyers, it is very important to understand the test method of compression performance of thermal fuse materials, which can not only help them better choose suitable products, but also ensure the stability and reliability of product quality. This article will introduce the test method of compression performance of thermal fuse materials in detail, including the required equipment, sample preparation, test steps and result analysis.

1. The importance of compression performance test
Product quality evaluation: Compression performance test can directly reflect the deformation and damage of thermal fuse materials when subjected to pressure, so as to evaluate its ability to resist compression load in actual use, and help buyers determine whether the product meets specific quality standards and usage requirements.
Application performance prediction: Different application scenarios have different requirements for the compression performance of thermal fuse materials. Through testing, the performance of materials under actual working conditions can be predicted. For example, in electronic equipment, it is ensured that the thermal fuse can still maintain good electrical performance and structural integrity when it is squeezed to a certain extent; in the automotive industry, it is ensured that it will not affect its function due to compression deformation under complex mechanical environments and vibration conditions.
Process Optimization Guidance: The test results can provide feedback for the production and manufacturing process of thermal fuse materials, help manufacturers optimize process parameters, improve product quality and performance, and then provide buyers with better products and enhance market competitiveness.

2. Testing Equipment and Tools
Universal Material Testing Machine: This is a common equipment for compression performance testing. It can accurately apply and control compression loads and measure deformation in real time. It has a variety of specifications and models, and the appropriate load range and accuracy can be selected according to the characteristics of the thermal fuse material and the test requirements. For example, for smaller thermal fuse samples, a test machine with a smaller load range and higher accuracy can be selected to ensure the accuracy of the test results.
Compression Fixture: It is used to fix and support the thermal fuse material sample to ensure that the sample is evenly stressed during the test. Common compression fixtures include flat fixtures, cylindrical fixtures, etc. Appropriate fixtures should be selected according to the shape and size of the specimen. The surface of the fixture should be flat and smooth to reduce the impact of friction on the test results.
Measuring tools: including vernier calipers, micrometers, etc., used to accurately measure the dimensions of the specimen, such as diameter, length, etc., in order to calculate parameters such as the initial cross-sectional area and deformation of the specimen. The accuracy of the measuring tool should meet the requirements of the test standard, and the measurement error is generally required to be no more than ±0.01mm.
Environmental control equipment: Since the performance of the material will be affected by the ambient temperature and humidity, environmental control equipment such as constant temperature and humidity chambers are required to ensure that the test is carried out under specified environmental conditions. Generally, the ambient temperature is required to be controlled at 23℃±2℃ and the relative humidity is controlled at 50%±10%.

3. Sample preparation
Sample shape and size: The sample of the hot melt material is generally prepared in a cylindrical or rectangular shape. For cylindrical specimens, the diameter is generally 10-20mm, and the ratio of height to diameter is 1-2; for rectangular specimens, the cross-sectional size is generally 10mm×10mm, and the height is 20-40mm. The specific shape and size of the specimen should be determined according to the relevant test standards and actual use requirements, and the dimensional accuracy should be strictly controlled during the specimen preparation process to ensure the comparability and accuracy of the test results.
Specimen processing method: The specimen can be prepared by mechanical processing, mold forming and other methods. During the processing, the specimen should be prevented from excessive stress and damage, and the surface of the specimen should be flat, smooth, and free of defects such as burrs and cracks. For some hot melt materials, special treatments such as annealing may be required to eliminate internal stress, improve the stability of the specimen and the reliability of the test results.
Number of specimens: In order to ensure the statistics and reliability of the test results, it is generally required that the number of specimens in each group is not less than 5. The specimens should be randomly selected from the same batch of hot melt materials to ensure their representativeness and consistency.

4. Test steps
Equipment commissioning and preparation: Before the test, the universal material testing machine should be preheated for no less than 30 minutes to ensure the normal operation and measurement accuracy of the equipment. At the same time, the testing machine should be calibrated, including the calibration of the force sensor and displacement sensor, to eliminate the influence of equipment errors on the test results. Install the compression fixture, and adjust the position and spacing of the fixture according to the size of the specimen to ensure that the specimen can be correctly installed and stressed during the test.
Specimen installation: Use measuring tools to accurately measure the size of the specimen and record relevant data. Carefully place the specimen in the center of the compression fixture to ensure good contact between the specimen and the fixture and uniform force. When installing the specimen, avoid prestressing or eccentric force on the specimen to avoid affecting the test results.
Test parameter setting: Set the test parameters of the testing machine, such as loading rate, test speed, etc., according to relevant test standards and material characteristics. For the compression performance test of hot-melt materials, the displacement control mode is generally adopted, and the loading rate can be set to 0.5-5mm/min. The specific value should be adjusted according to factors such as the size of the sample and the hardness of the material to ensure uniform deformation of the sample and stable data collection during the test.
Start the test: Start the universal material testing machine, and the testing machine will apply a compressive load to the sample according to the set parameters. During the test, carefully observe the deformation of the sample and the data changes of the testing machine, and record the load-displacement curve and other data in time. When the sample is compressed to a certain extent, obvious yielding, rupture, or reaches the predetermined deformation, stop the test.
Data collection and processing: After the test, the collected data is processed and analyzed. According to the load-displacement curve, the mechanical performance indicators such as the compression strength, elastic modulus, and yield strength of the hot-melt material are calculated. The compression strength can be expressed as the ratio of the maximum load borne by the sample during the compression process to the initial cross-sectional area; the elastic modulus is an indicator reflecting the stress-strain ratio of the material in the elastic deformation stage, which can be calculated by calculating the slope of the initial linear segment of the load-displacement curve.

5. Result Analysis and Evaluation
Compression Strength Analysis: Compression strength is an important indicator to measure the ability of thermal fuse materials to resist compression damage. Higher compression strength means that the material can maintain structural integrity when subjected to a large compression load and is not prone to fracture or plastic deformation. By conducting compression strength tests on thermal fuse materials of different batches and specifications, the stability and consistency of their quality can be evaluated, providing buyers with an intuitive basis for product quality. At the same time, by comparing the test results with the use requirements of the material, it can be determined whether the material is suitable for a specific application scenario. For example, in some equipment or structures that need to withstand higher pressure, thermal fuse materials with higher compression strength should be selected.
Elastic modulus analysis: The elastic modulus reflects the resistance of thermal fuse materials to deformation during the elastic deformation stage. A larger elastic modulus indicates that the material deforms less when subjected to a compressive load and has higher stiffness. This is very important for some applications that require high dimensional accuracy and shape stability. For example, in precision electronic equipment, the use of thermal fuse materials with a higher elastic modulus can ensure that they maintain good electrical and mechanical properties during installation and use, and reduce problems such as poor contact and short circuits caused by deformation.
Yield strength analysis: Yield strength is the stress value when the material begins to produce obvious plastic deformation. Understanding the yield strength of the thermal fuse material helps to determine its safe load range in actual use. When the compressive load on the material exceeds its yield strength, irreversible plastic deformation will occur, which may affect its normal function and service life. Therefore, in the design and material selection process, the compressive stress on the thermal fuse material should be ensured to be lower than its yield strength according to the load conditions in actual use to ensure the reliability and stability of the material.

6. Factors and precautions affecting the results of compression performance test
Sample preparation factors: The shape, size, processing method and surface quality of the sample will affect the test results. For example, the deviation of the sample size may lead to inaccurate calculated mechanical performance indicators; scratches, burrs and other defects on the sample surface will become stress concentration points during the test, reducing the performance indicators such as the compressive strength and elastic modulus of the material. Therefore, in the process of sample preparation, the operation should be strictly carried out in accordance with the standard requirements to ensure the quality and consistency of the sample.
Test equipment factors: Equipment-related factors such as the accuracy, calibration status, and loading rate setting of the testing machine are crucial to the accuracy of the test results. If the force sensor and displacement sensor of the testing machine are not accurately calibrated, the error of the measured data will increase; loading rate that is too fast or too slow will change the stress-strain relationship of the material and affect the measurement results of the compression performance index. Therefore, regular maintenance and calibration of the testing machine and correct setting of test parameters are the key to ensuring the reliability of the test results.
Environmental factors: Changes in ambient temperature and humidity will affect the physical properties of the thermal fuse material, thereby affecting the compression performance test results. Generally speaking, increased temperature will reduce the strength of the material and increase deformation; excessive humidity may cause the material to absorb moisture and expand, changing its mechanical properties. Therefore, during the test, the environmental conditions should be strictly controlled, and the test should be carried out in a standard environment as much as possible, and the environmental parameters should be recorded to correct and analyze the test results.
Test operation factors: The operator’s proficiency and standardization will also have a certain impact on the test results. For example, during the installation of the specimen, if the specimen is not placed properly, resulting in uneven force, the test results will be low; during the test, if the operator fails to record data in a timely and accurate manner or operate the equipment correctly, data loss or deviation in the test results may occur. Therefore, operators should undergo professional training, be familiar with the operating methods and testing procedures of the test equipment, and conduct tests strictly in accordance with the operating procedures.

7. Practical application case analysis
Electronic component packaging field: In electronic component packaging, thermal fuse materials are widely used in chip bonding, lead frame fixing and other links. In order to ensure that electronic components have good electrical performance and reliability during use, high requirements are placed on the compression performance of thermal fuse materials. Through the compression performance test of a thermal fuse material for electronic packaging, it was found that its compression strength and elastic modulus met the design requirements, but its compression strength decreased slightly under high temperature and high humidity environment. Therefore, it is recommended to take appropriate protective measures in actual applications, such as increasing the thickness of the packaging layer and using moisture-proof materials, so as to improve the stability of electronic components in harsh environments.
Automobile engine component manufacturing field: Some components in automobile engines, such as ignition coils, sensors, etc., need to be fixed and insulated with thermal fuse materials. These components are subject to greater mechanical vibration and thermal stress during the operation of the engine, so the thermal fuse material is required to have higher compression strength and fatigue resistance. Through the compression performance test of a certain automobile engine hot melt material, it was found that after multiple compression-relaxation cycles, the compression strength decreased, but it still met the use requirements. This shows that the hot melt material has good fatigue resistance and is suitable for the manufacture of automobile engine parts.

8. Summary and Outlook
The test of the compression performance of hot melt materials is of great significance for product quality evaluation, application performance prediction and process optimization. By selecting appropriate test equipment, carefully preparing samples, reasonably setting test parameters, and strictly following the test steps, the mechanical properties of hot melt materials such as compression strength, elastic modulus, and yield strength can be accurately determined. In practical applications, various influencing factors should be fully considered, and the test results should be comprehensively analyzed and evaluated to ensure that the hot melt materials can meet the use requirements of different fields.
With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the increasing industrial applications, the requirements for the compression performance of hot melt materials will become higher and higher. In the future, we can further study the relationship between the microstructure and compression performance of thermal fuse materials and develop higher performance thermal fuse materials. At the same time, we can continuously improve testing methods and techniques, improve the accuracy and reliability of test results, and provide stronger support for the research and development, production and application of thermal fuse materials.